The+Cold+War




 * **What were the major effects of decolonization post WWII on Europe?**
 * The decolonization of Africa and Asia in the post-WWII era led to the sharp rise of nationalist sentiments, specifically those against the West in general. When the Europeans went back to the colonies they were dislodged from during WWII, they met stiff resistance. What this meant for Western economic interests is that economic manipulation and dominance of these former colonies would now be a bit more expense (such as in Africa), but nevertheless it would always work in favor of the Europeans (and Americans). Overall, decolonization did not greatly overwhelm the West in the short run, but it did have a significant impact.
 * **How did the Cold War divide Europe? What were the implications of this division? **
 * The cold war divided European both physically and ideologically, Following WWII, we see the creation of an Eastern bloc, one controlled and influenced by the USSR and composed of communist regimes. The Western bloc, led mainly by the United States, worked to counter communist influence throughout Europe. American banks refused to accept applications from Soviet borrows, and this economic and political tension would continue for several centuries. This is most clear in Germany with the "iron curtain" seperating "Western" West Germany and Soviet East Germany.
 * **Why did European governments move towards Liberal Democracies? **
 * Following WWII, more and more European nations moved toward liberal democracy because of the defeat of the fascist regimes. The political reconstruction of European began and it was led by efforts from the Allies, including the United States. Governments began to look down upon the rightist movements and looked favorably upon a Christian Democratic movement, one based on democratic and moderate social reform. Following West Germany, Spain and Portugal followed suit to an overal transformation and homogenization of Western politics.
 * **What was the welfare state? Why did they develop? what were the issues? **
 * A welfare state is a state in which all social programs and institutions and supported and funded by the state. As European politics began to increasingly lean to the left of the political spectrum, socialist and labour parties (ex. Sweden and England ) emerged to instill political reforms that sought to close the gap between the wealthy and poor. Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society progam and England's comprehensive medicare program were all indicative of an ideological shift in Western life. Although social welfare programs cushioned citizens against major expenses and hardships, they did not rearrange the overall social structure.
 * **Trace growing diplomatic relationships within Europe **
 * Creation of NATO in 1948.
 * The development of the Marshall Plan, which sought to provide aid and economic assistance to recovering nations in Europe. Some saw is a way for economic dominance.
 * The European Union is created in 1958; creates single economic entity across multiple political boundaries.
 * In 1980s, firm arrangements are made in order to remove trade restrictions
 * Euro is established in 2001, unites Europeans economically even more.
 * **Outline economic development in Europe **
 * The welfare state and European Union improve purchasing power for the masses
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Technocrats back aid the increase of agricultural production and productivity.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Western Europe continues to be a major exporter of weapons.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Peasant population declines
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Immigration continues to provide the labor needed for growing industries
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Outline the post war development of the non-European West (Excluding the United States) **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Canada – forges welfare policies and a comprehensive well fare system
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Sense of Canadian nationalism is sparked with US tension
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Australia and New Zealand move away from alignment with Great Britian
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Join mutual defense pact with US against aggression in the Pacific.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Later on, New Zealand began to distance itself for US foreign policy,
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Explain the growing role of the United States in world affairs **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">In 1947, Truman doctrine dictates that the US will defend any nation against an armed minority.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Cold War involvement spurs US defense department spending
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Eisenhower develops a policy of containment for the USSR
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">McCarthy develops McCarthyism – Anti-communist sentiment
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Berlin Air Lift displays our determination to support Western ideals
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Trace developments for women in the post war West **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Labor shortages from WWII allow women to experience workplace
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Feminism gains ground as women taste the independence from men.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Family rights improved.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 120%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Most noticeable in the Middle Class.